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 Notes to Account  
 
Year End: March 2015

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES:

1. Nature of Operation

The Company has integrated steel manufacturing facility starting from iron ore mining to the finished steel in the form of wire rod and H.B. wire. The Company is also a leading manufacturer and exporter of Ferro Alloys enjoying Star Export House Status. The manufacturing facilities are backed by captive thermal power plant. The Company has also promoted hydro power projects through SPVs.

2. Basis of Preparation

a) Accounting convention

These financial statements have been brpared under historical cost convention from books of accounts maintained on an accrual basis (unless otherwise stated hereinafter) in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in India and comply with the Accounting Standards issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India and referred to Sec 129 & 133 of the Companies Act, 2013, of India. The accounting policies applied by the Company are consistent with those used in brvious year.

b) Use of estimates

The brparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent liabilities as at the date of financial statements and the results of operations during the reporting period. Although these estimates are based upon management's best knowledge of current events and actions, actual results could differ from these estimates.

c) Current and Non-current classification

An asset or a liability is classified as current when it satisfies any of the following criteria:

i. it is expected to be realized / settled, or is intended for sale or consumption, in the Company's normal operating cycle;

ii. it is held primarily for the purpose of being traded;

iii. it is expected to be realized / due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting date;

iv. the Company does not have an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting date.

All other assets and liabilities are classified as non-current.

2.1 Summary of significant accounting policies a) Fixed assets Tangible

Tangible assets are stated at cost, net of recoverable taxes less accumulated debrciation / amortization and impairment losses if any. Cost comprises purchase price and any attributable costs of bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use.

All costs, including administrative, financing and general overhead expenses, as are specifically attributable to construction of a project or to the acquisition of a fixed asset or bringing it to its working condition, is included as part of the cost of construction of project or as a part of the cost of fixed asset, till commencement of commercial production. Adjustments arising from exchange rate variations attributable to the fixed assets are capitalized as aforementioned.

Subsequent expenditure related to an item of tangible assets is added to its book value only, if it increases the future benefits from the existing asset beyond its brviously assessed standard of performance.

The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) has issued Companies (Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules 2011 dated 29th December 2011 for amendment in the Accounting Standard 11 "The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates", to allow companies deferral/ capitalization of exchange differences arising on long-term foreign currency monetary items. The Company has opted to avail the option provided in the said Rules. Consequently, the exchange differences arising on long term foreign currency monetary items, related to acquisition of a fixed asset, are capitalized and debrciated / amortized over the remaining useful life of the respective assets.

Intangible

Intangible assets are carried at its cost, less accumulated amortization and impairment losses, if any. All costs, including financing costs relating to development of intangible assets which takes substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use are also included to the extent they are incurred, till commencement of commercial production.

Expenditure on exploration, prospecting and evaluation of minerals / other projects is recognized as intangible assets under development. The application of the Company's accounting policy for exploration and evaluation expenditure requires judgment in determining whether future economic benefits are likely from future exploitation. The deferral policy requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions about future events or circumstances, in particular, whether an economically viable extraction operation can be established. Estimates and assumptions made may change if new information becomes available. If, after expenditure is capitalized, information becomes available suggesting that the recovery of expenditure is unlikely, the amount capitalized is written off in Statement of profit and loss in the period when the new information becomes available.

Capital work in progress

Projects / fixed assets under installation including other capital work in progress are carried at cost, comprising direct cost, related incidental expenses and attributable cost. Advances for capital work in progress are shown under Non Current Assets.

Expenditure in relation to survey and investigation of the projects is carried as Capital Work in Progress. Such expenditure is either capitalized as cost of project on completion of the construction of the project or the same is expensed in the year in which it is decided to abandon such project.

b) Lease

The Company has entered into various operating lease agreements for brmises (residential, office and godown).These lease agreements are cancellable in nature and range between 11 months to 3 years and are usually renewable by mutual consent on mutually agreed terms. The aggregate rentals on accrual basis under such agreement have been charged to Statement of Profit and Loss under the head rent, rates and taxes in Other Expenses.

c) Impairment of fixed assets

The Company assesses at each reporting date whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication exists based on internal or external factors, or when annual impairment testing for an asset is required, the Company estimates the asset's recoverable amount. Where the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of the net selling price and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their brsent value based on an appropriate discount factor. After impairment, debrciation is provided on the revised carrying amount of the assets over its remaining useful life.

Reversal of impairment losses recognized in prior years is recorded when there is an indication that the impairment losses recognized for the asset no longer exist or have decreased. However, the increase in carrying amount of an asset due to reversal of an impairment loss is recognized to the extent it does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined (net of debrciation) had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset in prior years.

d) Debrciation / Amortization

Debrciation has been provided based on life assigned to each asset in accordance with Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013.

Mining Rights and expenditure incurred on development of mines are amortized over useful life of the mines or lease period whichever is shorter.

Leased assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over the useful life of the asset or the remaining period of lease, whichever is earlier.

Intangible Assets are amortized over technically useful life of the asset.

e) Investments

Trade Investments are investments made to enhance the Company's business interests. Investments are classified either as current or long-term based on Management's intention at the time of purchase.

Other Investments, which are readily realizable and intended to be held for not more than one year from the date on which such investments are made, are classified as current investments. All other investments are classified as long-term investments.

On initial recognition, all investments are measured at cost. The cost comprises purchase price and directly attributable acquisition charges such as brokerage, fees and duties.

Current investments are carried at the lower of cost and fair value determined by category of investment. Long-term investments are carried at cost less provisions recorded to recognize any decline, other than temporary, in the carrying value of each investment.

f) Valuation of inventories

i) Stores and Spares are carried at cost (net of CENVAT & VAT credits availed) on moving average basis.

ii) Raw Materials are carried at cost (net of CENVAT & VAT credits availed) on moving average basis and net realizable value, whichever is lower. However, raw materials held for use in the production of inventories are not written down below cost if the finished products in which they will be incorporated are expected to be sold at or above cost.

iii) Finished and semi finished products produced or purchased by the Company are carried at lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost includes direct material and labor cost and a proportion of manufacturing overheads. Cost of finished goods includes excise duty based on brvailing rate.

iv) By products are valued at net realizable value.

Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs of completion and estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

g) Advance stripping costs

The Company distributes stripping (waste removal) costs incurred during the production phase of its mining operations on equitable basis over estimated minable reserves. This calculation requires the use of judgments and estimates relating to the expected tons of waste to be removed over the life of the mining area and the expected economically recoverable reserves to be extracted as a result. This information is reviewed periodically to calculate the average life of mine strip ratio (expected waste to expected mineral reserves ratio). Changes in a mine's life and design will usually result in changes to the average life of mine strip ratio. These changes are accounted for prospectively.

h) Mines restoration expenses

An obligation to incur restoration, rehabilitation and environmental costs arises when environmental disturbance is caused by the development or ongoing production of a mining property and the Company is liable for environmental damage caused by mining activities.

These future costs generally include restoration and remediation of land and disturbed areas, mine closure costs, including the dismantling and demolition of infrastructure and the removal of residual materials, and mining damages costs.

Decommissioning of mine sites and land and disturbed areas restoration costs are a normal consequence of mining. The majority of mine closure and rehabilitation expenditure is incurred at the end of the life of the mine. Although the ultimate cost to be incurred is uncertain, the Company's businesses estimate their respective costs based on feasibility and engineering studies using current restoration standards and techniques.

Restoration costs and clean-up of land used for mining activities are liabilities to restore the land to the condition it was in prior to the mining activities or as stated in the relevant licenses. These costs are incurred during the mining activity and can continue for many years depending on the nature of the disturbance and the remediation techniques. The mine closure costs include estimated costs of mine levels and pits closure, and capping of pits after removal of the surface construction.

Provisions for land restoration and mine closure costs are recognized for estimated outflow of economic resources to settle the obligation. Provisions are structured as land restoration and mine closure costs provision. The total estimate of restoration expenses is apportioned over the life of the mine.

i) Borrowing cost

Borrowing cost includes interest, commitment charges on bank borrowings, amortization of ancillary costs incurred in connection with the arrangement of borrowings.

Borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or construction of a qualifying asset are capitalized as part of the cost of that asset. The amount of borrowing costs eligible for capitalization is determined in accordance with Accounting Standard 16 "Borrowing Costs". Other borrowing costs are recognized as an expense in the period in which they are incurred.

In accordance with Accounting Standard 16, exchange differences arising from foreign currency borrowings to the extent that they are regarded as an adjustment to interest costs are recognized as borrowing costs, and are capitalized as part of the cost of fixed assets if they are directly attributable to their acquisition or charged to Statement of Profit and Loss.

j) Employee benefits

i) Retirement benefits in the form of Provident Fund contribution to the Statutory Provident Fund and superannuation fund are defined contribution schemes and the payments are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss of the year when the payments to the respective funds are due.

ii) Retirement benefits in the form of Gratuity is a defined benefit obligation and is covered under group gratuity scheme. The Company contributes the ascertained gratuity liability to the approved Gratuity Trust which is charged to revenue on accrual basis. Gratuity Liability at each balance sheet date is ascertained on Actuarial Valuation basis using projected unit credit method. Actuarial gains/losses are immediately taken to Statement of Profit and Loss and are not deferred.

iii) The liability for encashable leaves /compensated absences outstanding as on reporting date is provided based on the salary brvailing on reporting date.

iv) Employee Stock Option Scheme(ESOS)

Stock options granted to the employees under the stock options schemes are accounted at intrinsic value as per the accounting treatment brscribed by the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Employee Stock Option Scheme and Employee Stock Purchase Scheme) Guidelines, 1999 ('Guidelines') and guidance note on Employee share based payments issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India. Accordingly, the excess of market price, of underlying equity shares as on the date of the grant (market value), over the exercise price of the options is recognised as deferred stock compensation expense and is charged to statement of profit and loss on a straight line basis over the vesting period of the options. The amortised portion of the cost is shown under shareholders' funds.

k) Revenue recognition

Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured.

Sale of Goods

Revenue is recognized, when all the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods is passed to the buyer, which is generally on dispatch of goods to customers except in case of consignment sales. Sales include excise duty and exclude VAT and are net of discounts and incentives to the customers. Excise Duty to the extent included in the gross turnover is deducted to arrive at the net turnover.

Dividends

Revenue is recognized when the Company's right to receive the payment is established by the reporting date.

Interest

Revenue is recognized on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and the rate applicable. Interest income is included under the head "other income" in the statement of profit and loss.

Incentives

Revenue is recognized when the right to receive the credits is established and there is no significant uncertainty regarding the ultimate collection.

l) Foreign currency transaction and balances Initial recognition

Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency, by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the transaction.

Conversion

a) Monetary Items

Year end balances of foreign currency monetary items are retranslated using the exchange rate brvailing at the reporting date.

b) Non monetary items

Non Monetary items such as investments are carried at historical cost using the exchange rate on the date of transaction.

Exchange differences

Exchange differences arising on long term foreign currency monetary items, related to acquisition of a fixed asset are deferred/capitalized and debrciated over the remaining useful life of respective assets as per the Companies (Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2011 dated 29 December, 2011 for amendment to Accounting Standard 11 "The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates", issued by The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA).

In order to exercise the option, an asset or liability is treated as a long term foreign currency monetary item, if the asset or liability is exbrssed in a currency and has a term of twelve months or more at the date of the origination of the asset or liability.

All other exchange differences including mark to market losses/gains are dealt with in the Statement of Profit and Loss as income or as expenses in the period in which they arise except to the extent that they are regarded as an adjustment to the interest costs and capitalized to fixed assets or charged to Statement of Profit and Loss as per Accounting Standard 16 "Borrowing Costs".

Foreign exchange forward contracts are marked to market at Closing Rate as on the reporting date. The brmium or discount arising at the inception of forward exchange contract is amortized and recognized as an expense/income over the life of the contract. Any profit or loss arising on cancellation or renewal of such forward exchange contract is also recognized as income or as expense for the period.

m) Taxes on income

Tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Current income tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in accordance with the Income Tax Act. Deferred income taxes reflects the impact of current period timing differences between taxable income and accounting income for the period and reversal of timing differences of earlier years.

Deferred tax is measured based on the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the Balance Sheet date. Deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent that there is reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realized. In situations where the Company has unabsorbed debrciation or carry forward tax losses, all deferred tax assets are recognized only if there is virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence that they can be realized against future taxable profits. At each Balance Sheet date the Company re-assesses unrecognized deferred tax assets. It recognizes unrecognized deferred tax assets to the extent that it has become reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realized.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date. The Company writes-down the carrying amount of a deferred tax asset to the extent that it is no longer reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which deferred tax asset can be realized. Any such write-down is reversed to the extent that it becomes reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available.

Minimum Alternative Tax (MAT) credit is recognized as an asset only when and to the extent there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal income tax during the specified period. In the year in which the MAT credit becomes eligible to be recognized as an asset in accordance with the recommendations contained in Guidance Note issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, the said asset is created by way of a credit to the Statement of Profit and Loss and shown as MAT Credit Entitlement. The Company reviews the same at each Balance Sheet date and writes down the carrying amount of MAT Credit Entitlement to the extent there is no longer convincing evidence to the effect that Company will pay normal Income Tax during the specified period.

n) Segment reporting

Identification of segments

The Company's operating businesses are organized and managed separately according to the nature of products and services provided, with each segment rebrsenting a strategic business unit that offers different products and serves different markets.

Segment accounting policies

The Company brpares its segment information in conformity with the accounting policies adopted for brparing and brsenting the financial statements of the Company as a whole.

Inter-segment transfers

The Company generally accounts for intersegment transfers at an agreed transaction value.

Allocation of common costs

Common allocable costs are allocated to each segment according to the relative contribution of each segment to the total common costs.

Unallocated items

Unallocated items include general corporate income and expense items which are not allocated to any business segment.

o) Earnings per share

The Company reports basic and diluted Earnings per Share (EPS) in accordance with Accounting Standard 20 "Earnings per Share". Basic EPS is computed by dividing the net profit or loss attributable to the equity shareholders for the year by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. Diluted EPS is computed by dividing the net profit or loss attributable to the equity shareholders for the year by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year as adjusted for the effects of all potential equity shares, except where the results are anti-dilutive.

Partly paid equity shares are treated as a fraction of an equity share to the extent that they are entitled to participate in dividends relative to a fully paid equity share during the reporting period. The weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period is adjusted for events such as bonus issue, bonus element in a rights issue, share split and reverse share split (consolidation of shares) that have changed the number of equity shares outstanding, without a corresponding change in resources.

p) Provisions

A provision is recognized if, as a result of a past event, the Company has a brsent legal obligation that can be estimated reliably, and it is probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation. Provisions are determined by the best estimate of the outflow of economic benefits required to settle the obligation at the reporting date. Where no reliable estimate can be made, a disclosure is made as contingent liability.

Where there is a possible obligation or a brsent obligation in respect of which the likelihood of outflow of resources is remote, no provision or disclosure is made.

Clause 8.5 of the AS-4 "Contingencies and events occurring after the Balance Sheet date" states that proposed dividend is sometimes reflected in the financial statements because of statutory requirement. As per requirement of Schedule III, the Company is disclosing proposed dividend separately.

q) Onerous contracts

Provisions for onerous contracts are recognized when the expected benefits to be derived by the Company from a contract are lower than the unavoidable costs of meeting the future obligations under the contract. The provision is measured at lower of the expected cost of terminating/exiting the contract and the expected net cost of fulfilling the contract.

r) Contingent liabilities

Possible obligation that arises from past events whose existence will be confirmed by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events beyond the control of the Company or a brsent obligation that is not recognized because it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation is reported as contingent liability. In rare cases, when a liability cannot be measured reliably, it is classified as contingent liability. The Company does not recognize a contingent liability but discloses its existence in the financial statements.

s) Cash flow statement

Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby net profit before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a non-cash nature, any deferrals or accruals of past or future operating cash receipts or payments and item of income or expenses associated with investing or financing cash flows. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated.

For the purpose of Cash Flow Statement, Cash and Cash Equivalents comprise cash at bank and in hand and highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

1. Previous year figures have been recasted / regrouped / restated wherever necessary to make them comparable.

AS PER OUR REPORT OF EVEN DATE ATTACHED

FOR AND ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD

For O. P. Singhania & Co.

Chartered Accountants

(ICAI FRN 002172C)

Sanjay Singhania K. K. Sarda P. K. Jain Manish Sethi

Partner Chairman & CFO Company Secretary

Membership No. 076961 Managing Director

DIN: 00008170

Place : Raipur,

 date : 23rd May, 2015

 
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